"In Latin America and Asia, sustainability is front and centre, but in Africa this is a key missing piece that needs to be brought into the national consciousness of transport debates. Africa instead has emphasised its efforts on connectivity and how to make it happen, but connectivity alone will be illusive and won't have the desired multiplier effect," said Gorham, who addressed the topic of sustainability and transport at the Southern African Transport Conference, which took place at the CSIR International Convention Centre in Pretoria from 7-10 July 7-10.
Thinking of accessibility can be fleeting, but a lack of thought on sustainability as a whole could be washed up by congestion or poor air quality. "My sense is that in post-apartheid South Africa, a large focus for the government has been on how to connect places that weren't previously connected. The real focus now should be a shift towards understanding how to sustain those connections," said Gorham.
Africa is at the very beginning of an urbanisation process that others have gone through, and this presents an opportunity to prevent unsustainable solutions from forming.
So, what is it that we want to sustain? According to Gorham, focus should be placed on accessibility, natural resources, social relationships, and the social fabric of cities and finance.
"We need to make sure that we have a climate that will behave into the future. We also require sustained human health and people need to trust in road safety. This specifically refers to vulnerable users such as pedestrians and cyclists," Gorham explained. Therefore, sustainability has to be top of our agenda. More thought should be placed on the effects on the fabric of community and infrastructure. This relates to how to build roads, rail and BRT's.
The relationship between people and government is significant in this regard. "We all know about the mayor that comes into office who thinks that they need to build something to prove that he can deliver. Sometimes this is rushed and this could create more damage than benefit," Gorham added. Finance is equally important. Governments need to consider whether adequate systems are in place to pay for the transport infrastructure they develop.
At the Rio+20 Conference, world leaders, along with thousands of participants from the private sector, NGOs and other groups, came together to shape how we can reduce poverty, advance social equity and ensure environmental protection on an ever more crowded planet.
The official discussions focused on two main themes:
At Rio+20 more than $513bn was pledged to build a sustainable future. It signalled a major step forward in achieving the future we want. This presents a great opportunity for Africa with the billions available for transport over the next ten years.
