However, contrary to beliefs, biofuels are not carbon neutral, reports Think Africa Press. The production of fertilizer, ploughing the fields, and many other aspects of the growing and processing of biofuels all use energy and hence result in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide. A number of social concerns have also been raised around African biofuel expansion. Direct foreign investment in huge plantations has, in some cases, resulted in the displacement of communities currently residing on the land because land users typically have weak tenure rights and can therefore easily be marginalised.
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