Turn your world Inside Out

This vibrant animated film is the brainchild of director Pete Docter, who delighted us with his Oscar-winning Up and penned the screenplay with Meg LeFauve and Josh Cooley from an original story by Docter and Del Carmen.

The story takes place in the control centre of a young girl where five Emotions are hard at work, led by light-hearted optimist Joy, whose mission is to make sure Riley stays happy. Fear heads up safety, Anger ensures all is fair, and Disgust prevents Riley from being poisoned - both physically and socially. Sadness isn't exactly sure what her role is, and frankly, neither is anyone else. When Riley's family relocates to a scary new city, the Emotions are on the job, eager to help guide her through the difficult transition.

Voices in our heads

"The Emotions are kind of like the voices in our heads," says director Pete Docter. "When we were just getting started on this film, we looked around-at our kids, friends, co-workers-and we realised that everybody has a default temperament. We all go through periods of being happy or sad, but certain people are just happy or angry or what have you. Riley is one of those happy kids. So Joy had to be the first Emotion to show up, and she has a very special bond with Riley."

Doctor inspiration stems from watching his own daughter Elie growing up.

"My daughter did the voice of young Ellie in Up-that spirited, spunky kid with hair out to there - and she was a lot like the character at the time," says Docter. "But by the time we started Inside Out, Elie was older - about 11 - and she'd become quiet and withdrawn. It made me think: What's going on in her head and why is she changing?"

But then Docter recalled that era in his own life. "It's a big deal," he says. "The innocent bubble of childhood bursts and you feel like you're thrust into an adult world where you're judged and expected to behave in a certain way. You want to be cool, but you're not really sure what that means." Cue the emotions.

From the beginning, Docter loved the idea of going inside the mind, challenging the imaginations of many of the same filmmakers who took audiences to Monstropolis and later to South America in a house flown by balloons. "I thought it would be fun," says the director. "I wanted to explore the abstract version-not the brain, but the mind. I thought it was perfect for animation. And if this was going to be a story about emotions and it's done by the same team that did Up, it had to be emotional."

Although Inside Out deals with the emotions of a child, it's not only about being a kid.

A very personal story

"It's a very personal story about what it means to be a parent," says producer Jonas Rivera. "As a parent, there are so many perfect moments when I wish I could make time stand still for ever. But that's not right. That's not our job. Our job is to be their guides."

"As our kids grow older, we tend to miss those days when they were little and would sit on our laps and hug us," adds Docter. "And while all parents want their kids to go out into the world-I'm happy for my kids and want nothing more than where they are right now-it's bitter sweet and a little sad when childhood passes by. That's a key element to this film."

So filmmakers called on Joy-who bounces and glows (literally), overflowing with optimism to tackle the ever-complicated task of raising Riley, metaphorically, along with the other Emotions who contribute their own unique perspectives. "Joy has been there the longest, Riley was born happy," says Rivera. "But the cross-country move is really upsetting and Joy finds that she's getting less and less time at the wheel, so to speak. She just can't let Sadness mess up all the hard work she's done over the years."

The journey Joy takes with Sadness is eye opening. "Joy realises that Sadness may have a purpose in Riley's life after all," says Docter.

According to Docter, the key to happiness - in the movie and beyond - is likely in how you define it. "Joy is able to learn and grow and reconsider what she thinks happiness is," he says. "In the beginning, it's all about laughter and ice cream-and there's nothing wrong with that. But life shows us that it's so much deeper.

"As I was making the film, I realised that family and close friends are what make me happy," he continues. "Sure, those are the people who I share fun times with, but they're also the people who I've been angry at, scared for and sad with. It's really the depth and complexity of all these emotions that bring a real connection between people."

Known for research

Pixar's filmmakers are known for the research they do-whether it's becoming an expert in automotive design for Cars or trekking to Scotland to inform the breathtaking backdrop in Brave.

The artists and story tellers behind Inside Out wanted to immerse themselves in the mind, studying memories, human emotions and how they evolve during adolescence.

They worked with scientists, neurologists, psychologists and other experts to understand better how the mind works. Dr Dacher Keltner, co-director of the Greater Good Science Center, is a Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, where he directs the Berkeley Social Interaction Lab. "I've spent 25 years of my career studying human emotion," he says. "I'm interested in how we express emotions in our faces, voices and in touch."

Among other things, Keltner's expertise helped filmmakers choose the Emotions to feature.

"Researchers have different ideas of how many emotions we have-there are anywhere from four to 27, depending on who you ask," says Docter. "Dr Keltner's work suggests that there are 21, with emotions like boredom, contempt and embarrassment. There were so many possibilities in terms of character. It was fun to explore. We ultimately landed on five Emotions that pretty much make all of the researchers' lists."

Blown away

Keltner also helped to define the Mind World in terms of how the Emotions worked together to help Riley cope with the changes in her life. "I just saw the movie and I was blown away," he says. "I think it's extremely hard to put into words how the emotions inside your mind affect how you behave in the world and how you see the world. The film achieved that remarkably well. I loved the dynamic tension between what's happening inside the psyche and what's going on outside in the world."

Filmmakers studied adolescence and how a pre-teen might deal with traumatic events. So it was no accident that Joy and Sadness were the two Emotions that went missing. "It all lines up with being an adolescent," says co-director Ronnie Del Carmen. "Riley changes and no longer feels happy-then she can't express empathy. She becomes your typical sullen teen."

Says Keltner, who's a father of two daughters who've survived their pre-teen years: "Part of adolescence - part of growing up - is loss. Loss of friends, loss of childhood-it's necessary to human development. The way that Inside Out really grapples with Riley's feelings of loss and how her family ultimately surrounds her in that experience is really powerful."

According to Keltner, acceptance is an important takeaway from both the movie and a host of scientific studies of emotions. "I believe that our emotions oscillate," he says. "There will be a time when your mind is filled with fear - a second or two - before shifting to anger. The movie portrays that struggle over the control panel that I feel to be true scientifically. But one of the key lessons is that you have to embrace all of your emotions. You have to realise that they're all part of your normal, everyday mind and that's okay."

Share your emotions with friends and family with this entertaining animated film.

Two lucky Bizcommunity readers can win a super-fun Disney•Pixar's Inside Out mood light and a Tablet Case by sending an email to az.oc.oidutsgnitirw@leinad.