Mobile "network in a box" technology addresses challenges of communication access

Extending cellular networks is a costly exercise in these areas, due to lack of infrastructure. Added to this challenge, because cellular telephony is so well subscribed, but has limited spectrum available, services become slow and often unusable in metropolitan areas, particularly in situations such as concerts and sporting events, or even in shopping malls and office buildings where large numbers of people are all trying to access the network at the same time. Innovative "mobile network in a box" solutions help to address these challenges, offering an affordable all-in-one cellular network that is quick and easy to deploy, and provides all of the features of a public cellular network, including voice, messaging and data.

According to the latest AMPS 2012 survey data, 83% of South African adults have a cellphone and 86% of cellphone users do not have a land line at home, making cellular the primary communications method for the majority of the country's population. There is also a host of innovative applications for cellular users, including the ability to send money using cellphones and conduct Internet banking, along with social media and more. This opens up the online world for more users than ever before.

Simply not enough capacity

However, while access to cellular services provides telephony for many people who could not make use of these options previously, the upsurge in cellular subscribers also presents problems. With the number of subscribers in South Africa continuing to grow, and the limited spectrum for cellular services available, the end result means that there is simply not enough capacity to service all of the users adequately. Building new base stations to cater for additional demand is often prohibitively expense and deploying these services in rural areas, where infrastructure is lacking, is even more complex and costly.

The challenge is to up the amount of reliable capacity available in an affordable, easy-to-deploy manner, and mobile "network in a box" solutions enable providers to do just that. These boxes scale down base station technology, which typically requires enough hardware to fill a 6x3m container, to the size of a cube roughly 20cm on each side, containing all of the services needed for a full-blown GSM base station and deploying them in software on a single platform. Because these boxes are so small and compact, and are software driven, they also use a lot less power than traditional base stations, as they do not require massive air-conditioners and cooling to keep them operational. These boxes can be placed anywhere within a network where there are coverage and capacity issues, even inside buildings, and extend coverage while providing additional capacity to cater for demand.

These boxes are highly cost-effective from a number of aspects, including deployment, maintenance, floor space, power consumption and cooling costs, and are, therefore, the ideal solution for deployment in Africa. Deployment is a simple matter of erecting an antenna, rolling out the box and connecting to the Internet, either from 3G, fixed line or satellite communications. A mobile "network in a box" can be deployed at a fraction of the cost of a base station and can provide connectivity to rural communities, and be used for temporary connectivity for events. It can also be used to set up a network in disaster areas quickly, for vital communications.

These solutions are also protected by the embedded security of the cellular protocols, meaning that they can be configured as a private mobile network, and can be integrated into an enterprise's existing PBX system. Private providers can, therefore, deliver services in areas where major carriers are not established, creating a network in the local region and then establishing a link back to the carrier's infrastructure to interconnect these mobile and Internet services with other providers. This opens up the ability to take services further into rural areas where major carriers may not see a cost-effective and profitable service.

A standalone mobile service

Mobile "network in a box" can also operate as a standalone mobile service delivering closer user group coverage. The result is that organisations can create their own GSM network within an office building or campus environment, on which a user's standard cellphone will function. It enables these organisations to make free calls to other devices within the network and connect to outside providers for calls originating from outside the network.

Mobile connectivity is the future, particularly in emerging economies like the African market where traditional fixed-line infrastructure is lacking. However, oversubscribed mobile services and a lack of access in remote and rural areas is currently limiting the application of, and access to, mobile telephony and data services. Mobile "network in a box" solutions enable carriers and providers to deploy new scaled down "base stations" at a fraction of the cost of traditional GSM infrastructure, enabling fast deployment and easy access to GSM capabilities, ideal for adding capacity or extending networks across the continent.