Intended to service the community at large, the unit has been launched to fill the gap for emergency response units in the mental health arena and consists of a hotline, coupled with a vehicular response unit.
"Our unit vehicle is manned by qualified paramedics who are trained to assess and manage the psychological state of the patient," says Akeso spokesperson, Sandy Lewis. All paramedics have completed Intermediate Life Support courses, in addition to specialised training on psychological disorders and patient management.
"While South Africa is serviced by numerous emergency response units and personnel trained in physical emergency medicine, there is a real need for a specialist psychiatric unit, geared to recognise and help people suffering from mental health disorders."
By dialling 0861 HELP US (4357 87), callers can access immediate telephonic support and, based on the counsellor's assessment of the situation, if the caller is in crisis, the intervention vehicle will be dispatched. Once on the scene and after the patient has been safely contained by the paramedics, the intervention vehicle will transport the patient to an appropriate facility, either public or private, depending on patient capacity.
According to Lewis, this emergency psychological service, which is free for all South Africans, is currently operational in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal. Plans are underway to launch the service in the Western Cape within the next few weeks.
The Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal response units have been operating for a few weeks and to date, have received call-outs for cases involving domestic violence; substance abuse; geriatric patients; patients experiencing a manic mood disorder episode; patients who have or are seriously threatening suicide, among others.
These desperate calls for help point to the state of South Africa's mental health care, which is grim.
"It is estimated that approximately 20% of South Africans suffer from a mental disorder. Of those, 75% do not receive the care they need to manage their illness; 22 people commit suicide in South Africa every day, while 220 try to take their own lives on a daily basis. 43.7% of those with HIV/AIDS have a mental health condition and in a recent survey, South Africa ranked second highest for substance abuse disorders compared against 14 other countries. Mental health disorders are the third highest contributor to the local burden of disease, after HIV and other infectious disorders.
"Despite this, mental healthcare receives a disproportionately small portion of the healthcare budget. And against this backdrop of a high prevalence of mental health disorders, South Africans must also contend with an abnormal level of violent crime and abuse against women and children," continues Lewis.
The country's official crime rates reveal that 45 murders are committed every day; 182 acts of sexual abuse, 511 accounts of serious assault, and 473 accounts of common assault. Rape Crisis puts the official reported rape statistic at almost 27 rapes each day and the South African Medical Research Council reports that 40% of men have hit their partners.
Child abuse is rife, with statistics for 2011/12 from the South African Police Service recording 25 862 sexual offences involving children between April 2011 and March 2012. The statistics also show that 793 children were murdered. In the same period, over 20 000 children were victims of assault.
It is no co-incidence that a country with such high levels of mental illness, coupled with such low levels of mental healthcare has such high levels of violent crime and suicide.
"There is a stigma attached to mental illness, which prevents open and frank discussion about what it is, how it displays and how it can be managed. Because of this stigma, many mental illnesses are left undiagnosed, the consequence of which can be dire for both the individuals suffering from the illness, as well as their friends and family.
"The government is doing its best and so is the private sector. Together we can do more. While we cannot fix the ills in the system, the launch of the unit will make a difference in the lives of those in severe psychological trouble," concludes Lewis.
