South Africa ranks highly on Press Freedom list
South Africa has been ranked 26th in Press Freedom among 139 countries measured by Reporters Without Borders. Joint first were four countries: Finland, Iceland, Norway and the Netherlands. The USA ranked 17th.
Eritrea (132nd) and Zimbabwe (122nd) are the most repressive countries of sub-Saharan Africa.
Canada did well at fifth but the USA was only 17th, largely because of arrests of journalists crossing police lines.
Africa's Benin is in 21st place despite being classified by the UN Development Programme as one of the world's 15 poorest countries. Other African states considered to have genuine press freedom include South Africa, Mali (43rd), Namibia (31st) and Senegal (47th).
South Africa's ranking was today welcomed by the Press Freedom committee of Print Media South Africa. Chairman Peter Sullivan said it would be great to be top of the list, but being in the top 20 percent showed that the country could be proud of its current press freedom record. He adds however that we need to remain ever vigilant. "We beat Italy and South Korea which are among the world's most developed countries, and the US only beat us by a few places. Europe did brilliantly while Africa suffered a bit so I think our priority must be to focus on this continent within the Nepad initiative."
The full list is:
Ranking | Country | Score |
1 | Finland | 0,50 |
- | Iceland | 0,50 |
- | Norway | 0,50 |
- | Netherlands | 0,50 |
5 | Canada | 0,75 |
6 | Ireland | 1,00 |
7 | Germany | 1,50 |
- | Portugal | 1,50 |
- | Sweden | 1,50 |
10 | Denmark | 3,00 |
11 | France | 3,25 |
12 | Australia | 3,50 |
- | Belgium | 3,50 |
14 | Slovenia | 4,00 |
15 | Costa Rica | 4,25 |
- | Switzerland | 4,25 |
17 | United States | 4,75 |
18 | Hong Kong | 4,83 |
19 | Greece | 5,00 |
20 | Ecuador | 5,50 |
21 | Benin | 6,00 |
- | United Kingdom | 6,00 |
- | Uruguay | 6,00 |
24 | Chile | 6,50 |
- | Hungary | 6,50 |
26 | South Africa | 7,50 |
- | Austria | 7,50 |
- | Japan | 7,50 |
29 | Spain | 7,75 |
- | Poland | 7,75 |
31 | Namibia | 8,00 |
32 | Paraguay | 8,50 |
33 | Croatia | 8,75 |
- | El Salvador | 8,75 |
35 | Taiwan | 9,00 |
36 | Mauritius | 9,50 |
- | Peru | 9,50 |
38 | Bulgaria | 9,75 |
39 | South Korea | 10,50 |
40 | Italy | 11,00 |
41 | Czech Republic | 11,25 |
42 | Argentina | 12,00 |
43 | Bosnia and Herzegovia | 12,50 |
- | Mali | 12,50 |
45 | Romania | 13,25 |
46 | Cape Verde | 13,75 |
47 | Senegal | 14,00 |
48 | Bolivia | 14,50 |
49 | Nigeria | 15,50 |
- | Panama | 15,50 |
51 | Sri Lanka | 15,75 |
52 | Uganda | 17,00 |
53 | Niger | 18,50 |
54 | Brazil | 18,75 |
55 | Ivory Coast | 19,00 |
56 | Lebanon | 19,67 |
57 | Indonesia | 20,00 |
58 | Comoros | 20,50 |
- | Gabon | 20,50 |
60 | Yugoslavia | 20,75 |
- | Seychelles | 20,75 |
62 | Tanzania | 21,25 |
63 | Central African Republic | 21,50 |
64 | Gambia | 22,50 |
65 | Madagascar | 22,75 |
- | Thailand | 22,75 |
67 | Bahrain | 23,00 |
- | Ghana | 23,00 |
69 | Congo | 23,17 |
70 | Mozambique | 23,50 |
71 | Cambodia | 24,25 |
72 | Burundi | 24,50 |
- | Mongolia | 24,50 |
- | Sierra Leone | 24,50 |
75 | Kenya | 24,75 |
- | Mexico | 24,75 |
77 | Venezuela | 25,00 |
78 | Kuwait | 25,50 |
79 | Guinea | 26,00 |
80 | India | 26,50 |
81 | Zambia | 26,75 |
82 | Palestinian National Authority | 27,00 |
83 | Guatemala | 27,25 |
84 | Malawi | 27,67 |
85 | Burkina Faso | 27,75 |
86 | Tajikistan | 28,25 |
87 | Chad | 28,75 |
88 | Cameroon | 28,83 |
89 | Morocco | 29,00 |
- | Philippines | 29,00 |
- | Swaziland | 29,00 |
92 | Israel | 30,00 |
93 | Angola | 30,17 |
94 | Guinea-Bissau | 30,25 |
95 | Algeria | 31,00 |
96 | Djibouti | 31,25 |
97 | Togo | 31,50 |
98 | Kyrgyzstan | 31,75 |
99 | Jordan | 33,50 |
- | Turkey | 33,50 |
101 | Azerbaijan | 34,50 |
- | Egypt | 34,50 |
103 | Yemen | 34,75 |
104 | Afghanistan | 35,50 |
105 | Sudan | 36,00 |
106 | Haiti | 36,50 |
107 | Ethiopia | 37,50 |
- | Rwanda | 37,50 |
109 | Liberia | 37,75 |
110 | Malaysia | 37,83 |
111 | Brunei | 38,00 |
112 | Ukraine | 40,00 |
113 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 40,75 |
114 | Colombia | 40,83 |
115 | Mauritania | 41,33 |
116 | Kazakhstan | 42,00 |
117 | Equatorial Guinea | 42,75 |
118 | Bangladesh | 43,75 |
119 | Pakistan | 44,67 |
120 | Uzbekistan | 45,00 |
121 | Russia | 48,00 |
122 | Iran | 48,25 |
- | Zimbabwe | 48,25 |
124 | Belarus | 52,17 |
125 | Saudi Arabia | 62,50 |
126 | Syria | 62,83 |
127 | Nepal | 63,00 |
128 | Tunisia | 67,75 |
129 | Lybia | 72,50 |
130 | Irak | 79,00 |
131 | Viet Nam | 81,25 |
132 | Eritrea | 83,67 |
133 | Laos | 89,00 |
134 | Cuba | 90,25 |
135 | Bhutan | 90,75 |
136 | Turkmenistan | 91,50 |
137 | Burma | 96,83 |
138 | China | 97,00 |
139 | North Korea | 97,50 |
HOW THE INDEX WAS DRAWN UP:
This index measures the amount of freedom journalists and the media have in each country and the efforts made by governments to see that press freedom is respected.
Reporters Without Borders sent out a questionnaire based on the main criteria for such freedom and asking for details of directs attacks on journalists (such as murders, imprisonment, physical assaults and threats) and on the media (censorship, confiscation, searches and pressure). It also asked about the degree of impunity enjoyed by those responsible for such violations.
The questionnaire recorded the legal environment for the media (such as punishment for press offences, a state monopoly in some areas and the existence of a regulatory body) and the behaviour of the state towards the public media and the foreign press. It also noted the main threats to the free flow of information on the Internet.
Reporters Without Borders has not just taken into account the excesses of the state but also those of armed militias, underground organisations and pressure groups that can be serious threats to press freedom. In addition, the state does not always use all its resources to fight the impunity the perpetrators of such violence very often have.
The questionnaire was sent to people with a real knowledge of the press freedom situation in one or more countries, such as local journalists or foreign correspondents living in the country, researchers, legal experts, specialists on a region and the researchers of the Reporters Without Borders International Secretariat.
The countries included in the index are those about which Reporters Without Borders received completed questionnaires from several independent sources. Other countries have not been included for lack of reliable information. Countries that got equal scores have been ranked in alphabetical order.
This index of press freedom is a portrait of the situation based on events between September 2001 and October 2002. It does not take account of all human rights violations, only those that affect press freedom.
Neither is it an indicator of the quality of a country's media. Reporters Without Borders defends press freedom without regard to the content of the media, so any ethical or professional departures from the norm have not been taken into account.
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Peter Sullivan
Group Editor-in-Chief, Independent Newspapers and Chairman of the Print Media SA Media Freedom Committee