Nipple shield prevents HIV transmission through breast milk

Stephen Gerrard, a chemical engineer, has developed a shield that can disinfect the milk as it leaves the breast and before the infant ingests it. A layer of cotton wool soaked in the chemical is added to a conventional shield and this deactivates the virus.

The normal treatment to deactivate the HI virus is heat. The substance is sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), which can kill the HIV virus quickly and in fairly non-toxic concentrations