The South China Sea and East Indies, east Mediterranean and Black Sea, North Sea and British Isles were found to be dangerous hotspots for accidents involving ships.
"Since 1999 there have been 293 shipping accidents in the South China Sea and east Indies, home of the Coral Triangle and 76% of the world's coral species," says Dr Simon Walmsley, marine manger of WWF International. "As recently as April this year we've seen a Chinese fishing boat run aground on a protected coral reef in the Philippines that had already been damaged by a US Navy ship in January."
Back home, South Africa has also seen its fair share of shipping accidents. In 2000, an iron ore ship, the Treasure, sank carrying just 1300 tonnes of fuel. However, due to strong onshore winds, the oil slick was carried onto Robben and Dassen Islands which are key breeding colonies for birds. Over 40,000 African penguins were affected by this spill (about 44% of the global population), reminding us of how vulnerable we are to even minor spills.
In 2004, a bulk ore carrier, The Apollo Sea, ran into trouble off our coast. This spill affected approximately 10,000 penguins, of which 5000 died.
The risk to the environment is directly linked to the type and amount of hazardous substances, including oil, being transported and the sensitivity of the marine area where any accident could occur.
"We really want to see the shipping industry promote greater owner and operator responsibility and encourage owners to register with better flag states, the country which a vessel is registered to," says Dr Walmsley.
"Additionally, irresponsible and badly performing owners and countries need to be exposed in order to motivate them to significantly increase their standards which will decrease the number of accidents we see still occurring today," adds Walmsley.
WWF South Africa (WWF-SA) concludes that despite being a major international shipping route, our marine ecosystems remain unprotected. Currently, the South African public needs to foot the bill for clean-up costs as we are financially unprepared to deal with any major oil spill disaster. WWF-SA is calling on government to urgently improve maritime legislation by enacting the International Civil Liability Convention and Fund Convention into domestic legislation.
For further information, go to www.wwf.org.za.
